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11
On which river’s bank, Alexander’s army refused to move forward?
A. Yamuna
B. Beas
C. Indus
D. Narmada
Answer - B
Solution
Points to Know-
More than 2300 years ago, Alexander who lived in Macedonia wanted to become a world conqueror. He conquered Egypt and West Asia but not the world. He came to Indian subcontinent, on reaching the banks of the Beas his soldiers refused to march forward because they were scared of Indian armies of foot soldiers, chariots and elephants.
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12
What was the capital of Vajji?
A. Rajagriha
B. Patliputra
C. Vaishali
D. Magadha
Answer - C
Solution
Points to Know-
• Vajji was a under a different form of government, known as Gana or Sangha
• Gana is used for a group that has many members
• Sangha means organisation and association
• In gana or a sanghas there were not one but many rulers who performed rituals together and met in assemblies to decide what had to be done and how through discussion and debate
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13
What is true about Gana or a Sanghas
i. Both Buddha and Mahavira belonged to this
ii. Women could participate in discussions of this
iii. Many rajas ruled together in this
A. Only i and ii
B. Only i and iii
C. Only ii and iii
D. All i, ii and iii
Answer - B
Solution
Points to Know-
• Gana is used for a group that has many members
• Sangha means organisation and association
• In gana or a sangha there were not one but many rulers , each one known as Raja ,who performed rituals together and met in assemblies to decide what had to be done and how through discussion and debate
• Women, dasas and kammakaras could not participate in these assemblies
• Both Buddha and Mahavira belonged to this
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14
In which books we can find about life in the Sanghas?
A. Vedic books
B. Jainism books
C. Buddhist books
D. Upanishads
Answer - C
Solution
Points to Know-
Buddha belonged to Sakya gana
Some of the most vivid descriptions of life in the sanghas can be found in Buddhist books
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15
Who conquered the last gana or sangha?
A. Magadha rulers
B. Gupta rulers
C. Gandhara rulers
D. Maurya rulers
Answer - B
Solution
Points to Know-
Sanghas or ganas lasted for a very long time, till about 1500 years ago, when the last of the ganas or sanghas were conquered by the Gupta rulers
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16
Who were considered citizens in Athens government called democracy around 2500 years ago?
i. Free men over the age of 30
ii. Free women over the age of 30
iii. Foreigners who worked as merchants
A. Only i
B. Only i, ii
C. Only i, iii
D. All i, ii and iii
Answer - A
Solution
Points to Know-
Around 2500 years ago, people of Athens set up a form of Government, called democracy, which lasted for about 200 years ago.
Citizens were expected to serve in the army and the navy
• All free men over the age of 30 were recognized as full citizens
• Women were not recognized citizens
• Many foreigners, who lived and worked in Athens as merchants and craft persons did not have rights as citizens
• Slaves were not treated as citizens
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17
What is true about Ashvamedha?
i. The charioteer sprinkled sacred water on the king
ii. Rajas who let Ashvamedha pass through their lands were invited to the sacrifice
iii. Vaishyas were excluded from many rituals
iv. Raja had a special seat of tiger skin
A. Only i, ii and iii
B. Only ii, iii and iv
C. Only ii and iv
D. Only ii and iii
Answer - C
Solution
Points to Know-
• The raja was a central figure in this ritual. He often had a special seat, a throne or a tiger skin
• His charioteer chanted tales of his glory
• His relatives perform minor rituals
• Other rajas were mere spectators
• Priest performed the rituals including sprinkling of sacred water on the king
• The vaishyas brought gifts
• Shudras were excluded from many rituals
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18
Which books are called later Vedic?
i. Rig-Veda
ii. Samaveda
iii. Yajurveda
iv. Atharvaveda
A. Only i, ii and iii
B. Only ii, iii and iv
C. Only iii and iv
D. All i, ii, iii and iv
Answer - B
Solution
Points to Know-
The books are called later Vedic because they were composed after the Rig-Veda
These include Samaveda, Yajurveda, Atharvaveda as well as other books
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19
What is true about Janapadas?
i. Hastinapura is one of the examples of settlement in Janapadas
ii. Regular taxes were collected by the rajas of Janapadas
iii. Special type of pottery found at the sites of Janapadas known as Painted Grey ware
A. Only i and ii
B. Only i and iii
C. Only ii and iii
D. All i, ii and iii
Answer - B
Solution
Points to Know-
Purana Qila in Delhi, Hastinapur near Meerut, and Atranjikhera, near Etah are examples of the settlements
People here lived in huts, kept cattle and grew variety of crops-rice, wheat, barley, pulses, sugarcane, sesame and mustard
Painted grey ware, a special type of pottery is found at these sites
Taxes were started by mahajanapadas
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20
What is true about Magadha
i. Son and kaveri flowed through Magadha
ii. Rajagriha was the first capital of Magadha
iii. Bimbisara was the first ruler of Magadha
A. Only i and ii
B. Only i and iii
C. Only ii and iii
D. All i, ii and iii
Answer - C
Solution
Points to Know-
• Magadha was the most important mahajanapada.
• Many rivers such as Ganga and Son flowed through here
• Parts of Magadha were forested
• There were iron ores in the region
• Rajagriha in Bihar was the first capital of Magadha for several years and later shifted to Patliputra
• Bimbisara and Ajatsattu were two very powerful rulers
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